Gridlock Alternate
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WHAT IS IT?
Students control traffic lights in a real-time traffic simulation. The teacher controls overall variables, such as the speed limit and the number of cars. This allows students to explore traffic dynamics, which can lead into many areas of study, from calculus to social studies.
Challenge the students to develop strategies to improve traffic and discuss the different ways to measure the quality of traffic.
The coordinates for the traffic lights are based on the first quadrant of the Cartesian plane. Therefore, the traffic light with the coordinates (0,0) is in the lowest row and the left-most column. The traffic light above it has coordinates (0,1) and the traffic light to the right of it has (1,0).
For further documentation, see the Participatory Simulations Guide found at http://ccl.northwestern.edu/ps/
Notice: Gridlock Alternate uses features in NetLogo that are considered experimental. The model may stop running if a student enters a metric in the client that is incorrect, such as dividing by 0, and causes a NetLogo error. Further, we have not yet tested this alternate version of the model in real classrooms. If you use it in a classroom, we'd like to hear how it goes; contact us at feedback@ccl.northwestern.edu.
HOW TO USE IT
Quickstart Instructions:
Contains instructions as to how to quickly setup the model, and clients to run this activity. The instructions can be found below and can be seen progressively in the Quick Start instructions monitor in the Interface:
Teacher: Follow these directions to setup the HubNet activity. Optional: Zoom In (see Tools in the Menu Bar) Change the traffic grid (using the sliders GRID-SIZE-X and GRID-SIZE-Y) to make enough lights for everyone. Change any other of the settings that you would like to change. For example, if you plan on running Gridlock in the MANUAL mode, be sure to have AUTO? set to OFF.
Press the SETUP button. Press the LOGIN button.
Everyone: Open up a HubNet Client on your machine and input the IP Address of this computer, type your user name in the user name box and press ENTER. Teacher: Once everyone is logged in and has a light stop the LOGIN button by pressing it again.
Everyone: Whichever mode AUTO? is set for in NetLogo, you will control your intersection in a different way: If you have chosen MANUAL, you can change the state of your light by pressing the CHANGE LIGHT button. If you have chosen AUTO, you can change the phase of your light by moving the PHASE slider to a different position. If you wish to keep track of your own metric, input it in the metric-code input box.
Teacher: Once everyone is ready, start the simulation by pressing the GO button.
Teacher: You may want to view some of the plots. Do this by changing the DISPLAY-WHICH-METRIC slider, which changes the plot displayed for everyone.
- Choose 0 to turn off all the plots.
- Choose 1 to see the STOPPED CARS plot.
- Choose 2 for the AVERAGE SPEED OF CARS plot.
- Choose 3 for the AVERAGE WAIT TIME OF CARS plot.
- Choose 4 for all the plots.
Teacher: To run the activity again with the same group, stop the model by pressing the GO button if it is on. Change the values of the sliders and switches to the values you want for the new run. Press the SETUP button. Once everyone is ready, restart the simulation by pressing the GO button.
Teacher: To start the simulation over with a new group, stop the model by pressing the GO button if it is on, press the RESET button in the Control Center and follow these instructions again from the beginning.
Buttons
SETUP - generates a new traffic grid based on the current GRID-SIZE-X and GRID-SIZE-Y and NUM-CARS number of cars. This also clears all the plots. If the size of the grid has changed the clients will be assigned to new intersections. GO - runs the simulation indefinitely LOGIN - allows users to log into the activity without running the model or collecting data REFRESH PLOTS - redraws the plots based on the current value of DISPLAY-WHICH-METRIC. Useful for looking at different plots when GO is off. SELECT INTERSECTION TO PLOT METRIC IN CLIENT PLOT - allows you to use the mouse to click on an intersection associated with a HubNet client to plot that client's submitted metric in the CLIENT PLOT.
Sliders
SPEED-LIMIT - sets the maximum speed for the cars NUMBER - the number of cars in the simulation (you must press the SETUP or RE-RUN buttons to see the change) SIMULATION-SPEED - the speed at which the simulation runs TICKS-PER-CYCLE - sets the maximum value that the phase can be. This has no effect when the model is run with AUTO? false. Also, the phase that each user chooses is scaled to be less than or equal to this value. GRID-SIZE-X - sets the number of vertical roads there are (you must press the SETUP button to see the change) GRID-SIZE-Y - sets the number of horizontal roads there are (you must press the SETUP button to see the change) DISPLAY-WHICH-METRIC - determines which plot is drawn in NetLogo:
- 0=No Plots.
- 1=STOPPED CARS
- 2=AVERAGE SPEED OF CARS
- 3=AVERAGE WAIT TIME OF CARS
- 4=All three plots.
Switches
CRASH? - toggles car crashing POWER? - toggles the presence of traffic lights AUTO? - toggles between automatic mode, where the students' lights change on a cycle, and manual in which students directly control the lights with their clients. Lights which aren't associated with clients always change on a cycle.
Plots
STOPPED CARS - displays the number of stopped cars over time AVERAGE SPEED OF CARS - displays the average speed of cars over time AVERAGE WAIT TIME OF CARS - displays the average time cars are stopped over time CLIENT PLOT - displays the currently selected client's submitted metric over time. You select a client's intersection by using the SELECT INTERSECTION TO PLOT METRIC IN CLIENT PLOT button.
Client Information
After logging in, the client interface will appear for the students. The controls for manual and automatic mode are both included, but which one works is based on the setting of the AUTO? switch in NetLogo. In MANUAL mode, click the CHANGE LIGHT button to switch the state of the light you control. In AUTO mode, move the PHASE slider to change the phase for your light. The phase determines what percent of the way through the cycle to switch on.
If the users wish to send a metric of their own making that measures the efficiency of the traffic to the model, they can do so with the text input interface element called METRIC-CODE. The user should input a valid NetLogo expression that evaluates to a number. Then if this client is selected during a run, the values of the metric will be plotted in the CLIENT PLOT. If you don't type a valid NetLogo expression that evaluates to a number, an error message will appear in the METRIC-ERROR-MESSAGE monitor.
The clients also contain the same four plots as NetLogo and will show exactly the same data as NetLogo if plot mirroring is enabled.
THINGS TO NOTICE
When cars have stopped at a traffic light, and then they start moving again, the traffic jam will move backwards even though the cars are moving forwards. Why is this? Discuss in your class possible reasons for this phenomena.
THINGS TO TRY
Try changing the speed limit for the cars. How does this affect the overall efficiency of the traffic flow? Are fewer cars stopping for a shorter amount of time? Is the average speed of the cars higher or lower than before?
Try changing the number of cars on the roads. Does this affect the efficiency of the traffic flow?
How about changing the speed of the simulation? Does this affect the efficiency of the traffic flow?
Using HubNet, try running this simulation with AUTO? being true and AUTO? being false. Is it harder to make the traffic move well using one scheme or the other? Why?
Using HubNet, try running this simulation with AUTO? being true. Try to find a way of setting the phases of the traffic lights so that the average speed of the cars is the highest. Now try to minimize the number of stopped cars. Now try to decrease the average wait time of the cars. Is there any correlation between these different metrics?
Try coming up with new and good ways of measuring the efficiency of the traffic flow.
EXTENDING THE MODEL
Currently, the maximum speed limit (found in the SPEED-LIMIT slider) for the cars is 1.0. This is due to the fact that the cars must look ahead the speed that they are traveling to see if there are cars ahead of them. If there aren't, they speed up. If there are, they slow down. Looking ahead for a value greater than 1 is a little bit tricky. Try implementing the correct behavior for speeds greater than 1.
NETLOGO FEATURES
This model uses a text input interface element in the clients to allow clients to send text to the model.
It also uses the experimental __check-syntax
primitive to try to ensure a string is safe to pass to the run-result primitive.
Together, these features allow the client to send NetLogo code to the model to be run and produce values which can then be plotted in the CLIENT PLOT.
If the code that is executed is valid NetLogo syntax and doesn't produce any bad side-effects, such as clearing the View or having turtles die, everything should work fine. However, there is no easy way of ensuring this currently. As a result, code which may be unsafe to the model could be executed and may cause the model to stop unexpectedly or give a runtime error when trying to plot to the CLIENT PLOT. We will be improving these features in future versions of NetLogo.
HOW TO CITE
If you mention this model in a publication, we ask that you include these citations for the model itself and for the NetLogo software:
- Wilensky, U. and Stroup, W. (2002). NetLogo HubNet Gridlock Alternate model. http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/models/HubNetGridlockAlternate. Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling, Northwestern Institute on Complex Systems, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.
- Wilensky, U. (1999). NetLogo. http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/. Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling, Northwestern Institute on Complex Systems, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Copyright 2002 Uri Wilensky and Walter Stroup.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 559 Nathan Abbott Way, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Commercial licenses are also available. To inquire about commercial licenses, please contact Uri Wilensky at uri@northwestern.edu.
This activity and associated models and materials were created as part of the projects: PARTICIPATORY SIMULATIONS: NETWORK-BASED DESIGN FOR SYSTEMS LEARNING IN CLASSROOMS and/or INTEGRATED SIMULATION AND MODELING ENVIRONMENT. The project gratefully acknowledges the support of the National Science Foundation (REPP & ROLE programs) -- grant numbers REC #9814682 and REC-0126227.
Comments and Questions
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;; Variable declarations ;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; globals [ grid-x-inc ;; the amount of patches in between two roads in the x direction grid-y-inc ;; the amount of patches in between two roads in the y direction acceleration ;; the constant that controls how much a car speeds up or slows down by if it is to accelerate or decelerate phase ;; keeps track of the phase num-cars-stopped ;; the number of cars that are stopped during a single pass thru the go procedure old-display-which-metric ;; holds the value of display-which-metric for the last time through the go procedure ;; patch agentsets intersections ;; agentset containing the patches that are intersections roads ;; agentset containing the patches that are roads ;; string and list variables that hold data passed accumulated in the model run wait-data ;; list that holds the average wait time of the cars for each pass through the go procedure stopped-data ;; list that holds the number of stopped of the cars for each pass through the go procedure speed-data ;; list that holds the average speed of the cars for each pass through the go procedure time-data ;; list that holds the value of clock for each pass through the go procedure ;; variables for plotting client-defined metrics in the client plot current-client-metric ;; the current metric that is being plotted in the client plot current-intersection-for-client-metric ;; the intersection whose metric we are currently plotting in the client plot old-intersection-for-client-metric ;; the last intersection for current-intersection-for-metric ;;quick start instructions variables quick-start ;; the current quickstart instruction displayed in the quickstart monitor qs-item ;; the index of the current quickstart instruction qs-items ;; the list of quickstart instructions ] turtles-own [ speed ;; the speed of the turtle up-car? ;; this will be true if the turtle moves downwards and false if it moves to the right wait-time ;; the amount of time since the last time a turtle has moved ] patches-own [ intersection? ;; this is true if the patch is at the intersection of two roads accident? ;; this is true if a crash has occurred at this intersection. this will never be true for a non-intersection patch green-light-up? ;; this is true if the green light is above the intersection. otherwise, it is false. this is only true for patches that are intersections. my-row ;; this holds the row of the intersection counting from the upper left corner of the View. it is -1 for patches that are not intersections. my-column ;; this holds the column of the intersection counting from the upper left corner of the View. it is -1 for patches that are not intersections. user-id ;; this holds the user-id that corresponds to the intersection. it is -1 for patches that are not intersections. my-phase ;; this holds the phase for the intersection. it is -1 for patches that are not intersections. ;; client plot variables ;; this is a list of the values generated by the my-plot-metric that ;; will be plotted when this intersection's metric is plotted in the client plot my-plot-data ;; this is NetLogo code generates values for this intersection's values for my-plot-data. ;; the code should be a meaningful metric of how to measure traffic efficiency. my-plot-metric ] ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;; Setup Functions ;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; to startup setup setup-quick-start hubnet-reset end ;; Initialize the display by giving the global and patch variables initial values. ;; Create num-cars of turtles if there are enough road patches for one turtle to be created per road patch. ;; Setup the plots ;; All code in setup is done if full-setup? is true. If it is false, then it doesn't clear the information ;; about the users; users still retain the same light that they had before. ;; "setup false" is done by the re-run button. to setup clear-output clear-turtles clear-all-plots let full-setup? ((grid-x-inc != (world-width / grid-size-x)) or (grid-y-inc != (world-height / grid-size-y))) setup-globals ;; we only re-layout the grid if the sizes changed ifelse full-setup? [ ;; if we have clients logged in we want to make sure to ;; keep the appropriate info around let users map [[user-id] of ?] sort patches with [is-string? user-id] let plot-metrics map [[my-plot-metric] of ?] sort patches with [is-string? user-id] let phases map [[my-phase] of ?] sort patches with [is-string? user-id] clear-patches setup-patches setup-intersections ;; reassign the clients to intersections (foreach users plot-metrics phases [ get-free-intersection ?1 ask intersections with [ user-id = ?1 ] [ set my-plot-metric ?2 set my-phase ?3 ] ]) ] [ setup-intersections ] set-default-shape turtles "car" if (number > count roads) [ user-message (word "There are too many cars for the amount of road. " "Either increase the amount of roads by increasing the GRID-SIZE-X " "or GRID-SIZE-Y sliders, or decrease the number of cars by lowering " "the NUMBER slider.\nThe setup has stopped.") stop ] ;; Now create the turtles and have each created turtle call the functions setup-cars and set-car-color crt number [ setup-cars set-car-color record-data ] ;; give the turtles an initial speed ask turtles [ set-car-speed ] update-list-info my-setup-plots end ;; Initialize the global variables to appropriate values to setup-globals reset-ticks set phase 0 set num-cars-stopped 0 set grid-x-inc world-width / grid-size-x set grid-y-inc world-height / grid-size-y ;; initialize the lists and string for HubNet set wait-data [] set stopped-data [] set speed-data [] set time-data [] set current-client-metric "" set current-intersection-for-client-metric nobody set old-intersection-for-client-metric nobody ;; don't make acceleration 0.1 since we could get a rounding error and end up on a patch boundary set acceleration 0.099 end ;; Make the patches have appropriate colors, setup the roads and intersections agentsets, ;; and initialize the traffic lights to one setting to setup-patches ;; initialize the patch-own variables and color the patches to a base-color ask patches [ set intersection? false set accident? false set green-light-up? true set my-row -1 set my-column -1 set user-id -1 set my-phase -1 set my-plot-data [] set my-plot-metric "" set pcolor brown + 3 ] ;; initialize the global variables that hold patch agentsets set roads patches with [ (floor ((pxcor + max-pxcor - floor(grid-x-inc - 1)) mod grid-x-inc) = 0) or (floor ((pycor + max-pycor) mod grid-y-inc) = 0) ] set intersections roads with [ (floor ((pxcor + max-pxcor - floor(grid-x-inc - 1)) mod grid-x-inc) = 0) and (floor ((pycor + max-pycor) mod grid-y-inc) = 0) ] ask roads [ set pcolor white ] end ;; Give the intersections appropriate values for the intersection?, my-row, and my-column ;; patch variables. Make all the traffic lights start off so that the lights are red ;; horizontally and green vertically. to setup-intersections ask intersections [ set intersection? true set green-light-up? true set my-plot-data [] set my-row floor ((pycor + max-pycor) / grid-y-inc ) set my-column floor ((pxcor + max-pxcor) / grid-x-inc ) set-signal-colors ] end ;; Initialize the turtle variables to appropriate values and place the turtle on an empty road patch. to setup-cars ;; turtle procedure set speed 0 set wait-time 0 put-on-empty-road ifelse intersection? [ ifelse random 2 = 1 [ set up-car? true ] [ set up-car? false ] ] [ ifelse (floor ((pxcor + max-pxcor - floor(grid-x-inc - 1)) mod grid-x-inc) = 0) [ set up-car? true ] [ set up-car? false ] ] ifelse up-car? [ set heading 180 ] [ set heading 90 ] end ;; Find a road patch without any turtles on it and place the turtle there. to put-on-empty-road ;; turtle procedure move-to one-of roads if any? other turtles-here [ put-on-empty-road ] end ;; Initialize the plots to my-setup-plots set-current-plot "Stopped Cars" set-plot-y-range 0 number plot num-cars-stopped set-current-plot "Average Wait Time of Cars" plot mean [wait-time] of turtles set-current-plot "Average Speed of Cars" set-plot-y-range 0 speed-limit plot mean [speed] of turtles end ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;; Runtime Functions ;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;; receives information from the clients and runs the simulation to go every delay [ ;; get commands and data from the clients listen-clients ;; clear any accidents from the last time thru the go procedure clear-accidents ;; if there are any intersections that are to switch automatically, have them change their color set-signals set num-cars-stopped 0 ;; set the turtles speed for this time thru the procedure, move them forward their speed, ;; record data for plotting, and set the color of the turtles ;; to an appropriate color based on their speed ask turtles [ set-car-speed fd speed record-data set-car-color ] ;; crash the cars if crash? is true if crash? [ crash-cars ] ;; update the information in the lists of plot data update-list-info ;; update the plots with the new information from this pass thru the procedure do-plotting ;; update the clock and the phase clock-tick ] end ;; reports the amount of seconds by which to slow the model down to-report delay ifelse simulation-speed <= 0 [ report ln (10 / 0.001) ] [ report ln (10 / simulation-speed) ] end ;; have the traffic lights change color if phase equals each intersections' my-phase to set-signals ask intersections with [phase = floor ((my-phase * ticks-per-cycle) / 100) and (auto? or user-id = -1)] [ set green-light-up? (not green-light-up?) set-signal-colors ] end ;; This procedure checks the variable green-light-up? at each intersection and sets the ;; traffic lights to have the green light up or the green light to the left. to set-signal-colors ;; intersection (patch) procedure ifelse power? [ ifelse green-light-up? [ ask patch-at -1 0 [ set pcolor red ] ask patch-at 0 1 [ set pcolor green ] ] [ ask patch-at -1 0 [ set pcolor green ] ask patch-at 0 1 [ set pcolor red ] ] ] [ ask patch-at -1 0 [ set pcolor white ] ask patch-at 0 1 [ set pcolor white ] ] end ;; set any intersection's color that had an accident back to white and make accident? false to clear-accidents if crash? [ ask patches with [accident?] [ set pcolor white set accident? false ] ] end ;; set the turtles' speed based on whether they are at a red traffic light or the speed of the ;; turtle (if any) on the patch in front of them to set-car-speed ;; turtle procedure ifelse pcolor = red [ set speed 0 ] [ ifelse up-car? [ set-speed 0 -1 ] [ set-speed 1 0 ] ] end ;; set the speed variable of the turtle to an appropriate value (not exceeding the ;; speed limit) based on whether there are turtles on the patch in front of the turtle to set-speed [delta-x delta-y] ;; turtle procedure let turtles-ahead turtles-on patch-at delta-x delta-y ;; if there are turtles in front of the turtle, slow down ;; otherwise, speed up ifelse any? turtles-ahead [ let up-cars?-ahead [up-car?] of turtles-ahead ifelse member? up-car? up-cars?-ahead and member? (not up-car?) up-cars?-ahead [ if not crash? [ set speed 0 ] ] [ set speed [speed] of one-of turtles-ahead slow-down ] ] [ speed-up ] end ;; decrease the speed of the turtle to slow-down ;; turtle procedure ifelse speed <= 0 ;;if speed < 0 [ set speed 0 ] [ set speed speed - acceleration ] end ;; increase the speed of the turtle to speed-up ;; turtle procedure ifelse speed > speed-limit [ set speed speed-limit ] [ set speed speed + acceleration ] end ;; set the color of the turtle to a different color based on how fast the turtle is moving to set-car-color ;; turtle procedure ifelse speed < (speed-limit / 2) [ set color blue ] [ set color cyan - 2 ] end ;; keep track of the number of stopped turtles and the amount of time a turtle has been stopped ;; if its speed is 0 to record-data ;; turtle procedure ifelse speed = 0 [ set num-cars-stopped num-cars-stopped + 1 set wait-time wait-time + 1 ] [ set wait-time 0 ] end ;; crash any turtles at the same intersection going in different directions to crash-cars ask intersections with [any? turtles-here with [up-car?] and any? turtles-here with [not up-car?]] [ set accident? true set pcolor orange ] end ;; add the new information from this pass thru the go procedure to the HubNet lists to update-list-info set wait-data lput (mean [wait-time] of turtles) wait-data set stopped-data lput num-cars-stopped stopped-data set speed-data lput (mean [speed] of turtles) speed-data set time-data lput ticks time-data ask intersections with [ my-plot-metric != "" ] [ add-new-client-metric-value ] end ;; verify that my-plot-metric is a valid metric that will result in a number ;; and add that number to the my-plot-data list for the intersection to add-new-client-metric-value ;; intersection procedure let err __check-syntax (word "plotxy clock " my-plot-metric) ifelse err = "" [ let new-value run-result my-plot-metric ifelse is-number? new-value [ set my-plot-data lput list ticks new-value my-plot-data hubnet-send user-id "Current Metric Value" new-value ] [ hubnet-send user-id "metric-error-message" (word my-plot-metric " does not produce a numeric value.") clear-client-plot-data ] ] [ hubnet-send user-id "metric-error-message" (word my-plot-metric " does not produce a numeric value.") clear-client-plot-data ] end ;; clears the intersection's plot data and the client plot if ;; current-intersection-for-metric is the intersection to clear-client-plot-data ;; intersection procedure set my-plot-metric "" set my-plot-data [] hubnet-send user-id "Current Metric Value" "" if current-intersection-for-client-metric = self [ set-current-plot "Client Plot" clear-plot set current-intersection-for-client-metric nobody set old-intersection-for-client-metric nobody set current-client-metric "" ] end ;; plot the data from this pass thru the go procedure to do-plotting if current-intersection-for-client-metric != nobody [ update-client-plot ] ifelse display-which-metric = old-display-which-metric [ ;; don't plot if no plots should be plotted if display-which-metric != 0 [ ;; we only need to plot 1 value since the current plot is the same as the plot we are supposed to plot to now ifelse display-which-metric = 1 [ plot-new-value "Stopped Cars" num-cars-stopped ] [ ifelse display-which-metric = 2 [ plot-new-value "Average Speed of Cars" mean [speed] of turtles ] [ ifelse display-which-metric = 3 [ plot-new-value "Average Wait Time of Cars" mean [wait-time] of turtles ] [ ;; therefore display-which-metric = 4 plot-new-value "Stopped Cars" num-cars-stopped plot-new-value "Average Wait Time of Cars" mean [wait-time] of turtles plot-new-value "Average Speed of Cars" mean [speed] of turtles ] ] ] ] ] [ ;; otherwise, we need to plot at least 1 list since the plot we are supposed to plot to is different from the plot we last plotted in ifelse display-which-metric = 0 [ clear-all-non-client-plot ] [ ifelse display-which-metric = 1 [ clear-plots-and-plot-in-new-plot "Stopped Cars" stopped-data ] [ ifelse display-which-metric = 2 [ clear-plots-and-plot-in-new-plot "Average Speed of Cars" speed-data ] [ ifelse display-which-metric = 3 [ clear-plots-and-plot-in-new-plot "Average Wait Time of Cars" wait-data ] [ ;; therefore display-which-metric = 4 ifelse old-display-which-metric = 1 [ plot-value-and-lists "Stopped Cars" num-cars-stopped "Average Speed of Cars" speed-data "Average Wait Time of Cars" wait-data ] [ ifelse old-display-which-metric = 2 [ plot-value-and-lists "Average Speed of Cars" (mean [speed] of turtles) "Stopped Cars" stopped-data "Average Wait Time of Cars" wait-data ] [ ifelse old-display-which-metric = 3 [ plot-value-and-lists "Average Wait Time of Cars" (mean [wait-time] of turtles) "Stopped Cars" stopped-data "Average Speed of Cars" speed-data ] [ ;; therefore old-display-which-metric = 0 plot-new-list "Stopped Cars" stopped-data plot-new-list "Average Speed of Cars" speed-data plot-new-list "Average Wait Time of Cars" wait-data ] ] ] ] ] ] ] set old-display-which-metric display-which-metric ] end ;; update the client plot with the appropriate information to update-client-plot let current-item [] set-current-plot "Client Plot" ifelse current-intersection-for-client-metric != old-intersection-for-client-metric [ clear-plot ;; update client plot with the new intersection's data ask current-intersection-for-client-metric [ set current-client-metric my-plot-metric let index 0 repeat length my-plot-data [ set current-item item index my-plot-data plotxy first current-item last current-item set index index + 1 ] ] set old-intersection-for-client-metric current-intersection-for-client-metric ] [ ask current-intersection-for-client-metric [ if length my-plot-data != 0 [ plotxy first last my-plot-data last last my-plot-data ] ] ] end ;; clear all the plots that are not the client plot to clear-all-non-client-plot set-current-plot "Stopped Cars" clear-plot set-current-plot "Average Speed of Cars" clear-plot set-current-plot "Average Wait Time of Cars" clear-plot end to plot-new-value [name-of-plot value] set-current-plot name-of-plot plot value end to clear-plots-and-plot-in-new-plot [name-of-plot list-to-plot] clear-all-non-client-plot plot-new-list name-of-plot list-to-plot end to plot-new-list [name-of-plot list-to-plot] let index 0 set-current-plot name-of-plot clear-plot repeat length list-to-plot [ plot item index list-to-plot set index index + 1 ] end to plot-value-and-lists [value-plot value list-plot1 list-to-plot1 list-plot2 list-to-plot2] plot-new-value value-plot value plot-new-list list-plot1 list-to-plot1 plot-new-list list-plot2 list-to-plot2 end ;; increases the clock by 1 and cycles phase to the next appropriate value to clock-tick tick ;; The phase cycles from 0 to ticks-per-cycle, then starts over. set phase phase + 1 if phase mod ticks-per-cycle = 0 [ set phase 0 ] end ;; update the plots to show the current value of display-which-metric ;; done only by the Refresh Plots button to show-current-metric-in-plots if display-which-metric != old-display-which-metric [ ;; we need to plot at least 1 list since the plot we are supposed to plot to is different from the plot we last plotted in ifelse display-which-metric = 0 [ clear-all-non-client-plot ] [ ifelse display-which-metric = 1 [ clear-plots-and-plot-in-new-plot "Stopped Cars" stopped-data ] [ ifelse display-which-metric = 2 [ clear-plots-and-plot-in-new-plot "Average Speed of Cars" speed-data ] [ ifelse display-which-metric = 3 [ clear-plots-and-plot-in-new-plot "Average Wait Time of Cars" wait-data ] [ ;; therefore display-which-metric = 4 ifelse old-display-which-metric = 1 [ plot-new-list "Average Speed of Cars" speed-data plot-new-list "Average Wait Time of Cars" wait-data ] [ ifelse old-display-which-metric = 2 [ plot-new-list "Stopped Cars" stopped-data plot-new-list "Average Wait Time of Cars" wait-data ] [ ifelse old-display-which-metric = 3 [ plot-new-list "Stopped Cars" stopped-data plot-new-list "Average Speed of Cars" speed-data ] [ ;; therefore old-display-which-metric = 0 plot-new-list "Stopped Cars" stopped-data plot-new-list "Average Speed of Cars" speed-data plot-new-list "Average Wait Time of Cars" wait-data ] ] ] ] ] ] ] set old-display-which-metric display-which-metric ] if current-intersection-for-client-metric != old-intersection-for-client-metric [ update-client-plot ] end ;; set the current client plot's variable information to set-current-client-metric-intersection [ intersection-to-plot ] set current-intersection-for-client-metric intersection-to-plot set current-client-metric [my-plot-metric] of intersection-to-plot end ;; select an intersection to plot its my-plot-metric in the client plot to select-intersection-for-client-plot if mouse-down? [ let current-patch patch mouse-xcor mouse-ycor if ([intersection?] of current-patch) and (-1 != [user-id] of current-patch) [ set-current-client-metric-intersection patch mouse-xcor mouse-ycor stop ] ] end ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;; Quick Start functions ;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;; instructions to quickly setup the model, and clients to run this activity to setup-quick-start set qs-item 0 set qs-items [ "Teacher: Follow these directions to setup the HubNet activity." "Optional: Zoom In (see Tools in the Menu Bar)" "Change the traffic grid (using the sliders GRID-SIZE-X and..." "GRID-SIZE-Y) to make enough lights for everyone." "Change any other of the settings that you would like to change." "For example, if you plan on running Gridlock in..." "the MANUAL mode, be sure to have AUTO? set to OFF." "Press the SETUP button." "Press the LOGIN button." "Everyone: Open the HubNet Client on your machine and..." "input the IP Address of this computer, type your user name in..." "the user name box and press ENTER" "Teacher: Once everyone is logged in and has a light..." "stop the LOGIN button by pressing it again." "Everyone: Whichever mode AUTO? is set for in NetLogo,..." "you will control your intersection in a different way." "If you have chosen MANUAL,..." "you can change the state of your light by pressing..." "the CHANGE LIGHT button." "If you have chosen AUTO,..." "you can change the phase of your light by moving..." "the PHASE slider to a different position." "If you wish to keep track of your own metric,..." "input it in the metric-code input box." "Teacher: Once everyone is ready,..." "start the simulation by pressing the GO button." "Teacher: You may want to view some of the plots." "Do this by changing the DISPLAY-WHICH-METRIC slider,..." "which changes the plot displayed for everyone." "Choose 0 to turn off all the plots..." "Choose 1 to see the STOPPED CARS plot..." "Choose 2 for the AVERAGE SPEED plot..." "Choose 3 for the AVERAGE WAIT plot..." "or Choose 4 for all the plots..." "Teacher: To run the activity again with the same group,..." "stop the model by pressing the GO button, if it is on." "Change any of the settings that you would like." "Press the SETUP button." "Teacher: Once everyone is ready,..." "restart the simulation by pressing the GO button." "Teacher: To start the simulation over with a new group,..." "stop the model by pressing the GO button, if it is on..." "Press the RESET button in the Control Center..." "and follow these instructions again from the beginning." ] set quick-start (item qs-item qs-items) end ;; view the next item in the quickstart monitor to view-next set qs-item qs-item + 1 if qs-item >= length qs-items [ set qs-item length qs-items - 1 ] set quick-start (item qs-item qs-items) end ;; view the previous item in the quickstart monitor to view-prev set qs-item qs-item - 1 if qs-item < 0 [ set qs-item 0 ] set quick-start (item qs-item qs-items) end ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;; Code for interacting with the clients ;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;; when a command is sent, find out which client sent it and then execute the command to listen-clients while [hubnet-message-waiting?] [ hubnet-fetch-message ifelse hubnet-enter-message? [ give-intersection-coords wait 1 ;; we want to give some time for other clients to log in on this round ] [ ifelse hubnet-exit-message? [ abandon-intersection ] [ ifelse hubnet-message-tag = "Change Light" [ manual hubnet-message-source ] [ ifelse hubnet-message-tag = "Phase" [ auto hubnet-message-source ] [ if hubnet-message-tag = "metric-code" [ new-client-metric hubnet-message-source hubnet-message ] ] ] ] ] ] end ;; when a new client logs in, if there are free intersections, ;; assign one of them to that client ;; if this current-id already has an intersection, give the client that intersection. to give-intersection-coords let current-id hubnet-message-source ifelse not any? intersections with [user-id = current-id] [ ;; the case where they tried logging in previously but there was no room for them ;; or they haven't logged in before get-free-intersection current-id ] [ ;; otherwise, we already have an intersection for the current-id. ;; all we need to do is send where the light is located at ask intersections with [user-id = current-id] [ hubnet-send current-id "Located At:" (word "(" my-column "," my-row ")") ] ] end ;; when a client disconnects, free up its intersection to abandon-intersection ask intersections with [user-id = hubnet-message-source] [ set user-id -1 set my-phase 0 ask patch-at -1 1 [ set plabel "" ] set my-plot-data [] set my-plot-metric "" if current-intersection-for-client-metric = self [ set current-client-metric "" set current-intersection-for-client-metric nobody ] ] end ;; if there are any free intersections, pick one of them at random and give it to the current-id. ;; if there are not any free intersections, toss an error and put error values into the list to get-free-intersection [current-id] ifelse any? intersections with [user-id = -1] [ ;; pick a random intersection that hasn't been taken yet ask one-of intersections with [user-id = -1] [ set user-id current-id ask patch-at -1 1 [ set plabel-color black set plabel current-id ] hubnet-send current-id "Located At:" (word "(" my-column "," my-row ")") ] ] [ hubnet-send current-id "Located At:" "Not enough lights" user-message word "Not enough lights for student with id: " current-id ] end ;; switch the traffic lights at the intersection for the client with user-id to manual [current-id] if not auto? [ ask intersections with [user-id = current-id] [ set green-light-up? (not green-light-up?) set-signal-colors ] ] end ;; change the value of the phase for the intersection at (xc,yc) to ;; the value passed by the client to auto [current-id] ask intersections with [user-id = current-id] [ set my-phase hubnet-message ] end ;; change the metric to plot on the client plot for the client ;; if it is valid code to generate values to plot to new-client-metric [ current-id new-metric ] ask intersections with [ user-id = current-id ] [ let err __check-syntax (word "plotxy ticks " new-metric) ;; don't send an error message if the client sent the empty string if new-metric != "" [ hubnet-send user-id "metric-error-message" err hubnet-send user-id "Current Metric Value" "" ] ifelse err = "" [ hubnet-send user-id "Current Metric Value" "" set my-plot-metric new-metric set my-plot-data [] if current-intersection-for-client-metric = self [ set-current-plot "Client Plot" clear-plot set current-client-metric my-plot-metric ] ] [ clear-client-plot-data ] ] end ;; report the user-id of current-intersection-for-metric or the empty string if it is nobody to-report user-id-of-intersection-for-current-metric ifelse current-intersection-for-client-metric = nobody or not is-patch? current-intersection-for-client-metric [ report "" ] [ report [user-id] of current-intersection-for-client-metric ] end ; Copyright 2002 Uri Wilensky and Walter Stroup. ; See Info tab for full copyright and license.
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Gridlock Alternate.png | preview | Preview for 'Gridlock Alternate' | over 11 years ago, by Uri Wilensky | Download |
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