Gridlock Perspective Demo

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Uri_dolphin3 Uri Wilensky (Author)

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Model group CCL | Visible to everyone | Changeable by group members (CCL)
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VERSION

$Id: Gridlock Perspective Demo.nlogo 39507 2008-04-24 15:23:31Z everreau $

WHAT IS IT?

Students control traffic lights in a real-time traffic simulation. The teacher controls overall variables, such as the speed limit and the number of cars. This allows students to explore traffic dynamics, which can lead into many areas of study, from calculus to social studies.

Challenge the students to develop strategies to improve traffic and discuss the different ways to measure the quality of traffic.

The coordinates for the traffic lights are based on the first quadrant of the Cartesian plane. Therefore, the traffic light with the coordinates (0,0) is in the lowest row and the left-most column. The traffic light above it has coordinates (0,1) and the traffic light to the right of it has (1,0).

For further documentation, see the Participatory Simulations Guide found at http://ccl.northwestern.edu/ps/

HOW TO USE IT

QUICKSTART INSTRUCTIONS:

------------------------

Contains instructions as to how to quickly setup the model, and clients to run this activity. The instructions can be found below and can be seen progressively in the Quick Start instructions monitor in the Interface:

Teacher: Follow these directions to setup the HubNet activity.

Optional: Zoom In (see Tools in the Menu Bar)

Change the traffic grid (using the sliders GRID-SIZE-X and GRID-SIZE-Y) to make enough lights for everyone.

Change any other of the settings that you would like to change. For example, if you plan on running Gridlock in the MANUAL mode, be sure to have AUTO? set to OFF.

Press the NetLogo SETUP button.

Press the INITIAL LOGIN button.

Everyone: Open up a HubNet Client on your machine and input the IP Address of this computer, type your user name in the user name box and press ENTER.

Teacher: Once everyone is logged in and has a light stop the INITIAL LOGIN button by pressing it again.

Everyone: Whichever mode AUTO? is set for in NetLogo, you will control your intersection in a different way:

If you have chosen MANUAL, you can change the state of your light by pressing the CHANGE LIGHT button.

If you have chosen AUTO, you can change the phase of your light by moving the PHASE slider to a different position.

Teacher: Once everyone is ready, start the simulation by pressing the GO button.

Teacher: You may want to view some of the plots. Do this by changing the DISPLAY-WHICH-METRIC slider, which changes the plot displayed for everyone.

- Choose 0 to turn off all the plots.

- Choose 1 to see the STOPPED CARS plot.

- Choose 2 for the AVERAGE SPEED OF CARS plot.

- Choose 3 for the AVERAGE WAIT TIME OF CARS plot.

- Choose 4 for all the plots.

Teacher: To rerun the activity with the same group, stop the model by pressing the NetLogo GO button, if it is on. Change the values of the sliders and switches to the values you want for the new run. Press the NetLogo RE-RUN button. Once everyone is ready, restart the simulation by pressing the GO button.

Teacher: To start the simulation over with a new group, stop the model by pressing the NetLogo GO button, if it is on and follow these instructions again from the beginning.

BUTTONS:

--------

SETUP - generates a new traffic grid based on the current GRID-SIZE-X and GRID-SIZE-Y and NUM-CARS number of cars. This also clears all the plots. This should only be pressed when starting out with a new group of users since all users associated with a traffic light will be disassociated from that traffic light.

RE-RUN - allows you to keep the current traffic light/calculator associations, but clears the plots and after deleting all the currently existing cars, creates NUM-CARS number of cars. This does not change the grid size. This should be used to setup the model again for collecting more data or running the model again with the same users connected.

GO - runs the simulation indefinitely

INITIAL LOGIN - allows users to log into the activity without running the model or collecting data

REFRESH PLOTS - redraws the plots based on the current value of DISPLAY-WHICH-METRIC. Useful for looking at different plots when GO is off.

NEXT>>> - shows the next quick start instruction

<<

RESET INSTRUCTIONS - shows the first quick start instruction

SLIDERS:

--------

SPEED-LIMIT - sets the maximum speed for the cars

NUMBER - the number of cars in the simulation (you must press the SETUP or RE-RUN buttons to see the change)

SIMULATION-SPEED - the speed at which the simulation runs

TICKS-PER-CYCLE - sets the maximum value that the phase can be. This has no effect when the model is run with AUTO? false. Also, the phase that each user chooses is scaled to be less than or equal to this value.

GRID-SIZE-X - sets the number of vertical roads there are (you must press the SETUP button to see the change)

GRID-SIZE-Y - sets the number of horizontal roads there are (you must press the SETUP button to see the change)

DISPLAY-WHICH-METRIC - determines which plot is drawn in NetLogo:

- 0=No Plots.

- 1=STOPPED CARS

- 2=AVERAGE SPEED OF CARS

- 3=AVERAGE WAIT TIME OF CARS

- 4=All three plots.

SWITCHES:

---------

CRASH? - toggles car crashing

POWER? - toggles the presence of traffic lights

AUTO? - toggles between automatic mode, where the students' lights change on a cycle, and manual in which students directly control the lights with their clients. Lights which aren't associated with clients always change on a cycle.

PLOTS:

------

STOPPED CARS - displays the number of stopped cars over time

AVERAGE SPEED OF CARS - displays the average speed of cars over time

AVERAGE WAIT TIME OF CARS - displays the average time cars are stopped over time

CLIENT INFORMATION

After logging in, the client interface will appear for the students. The controls for manual and automatic mode are both included, but which one works is based on the setting of the AUTO? switch in NetLogo. In MANUAL mode, click the CHANGE LIGHT button to switch the state of the light you control. In AUTO mode, move the PHASE slider to change the phase for your light. The phase determines what percent of the way through the cycle to switch on.

The clients also contain the same three plots as NetLogo and will show exactly the same data as NetLogo.

THINGS TO NOTICE

When cars have stopped at a traffic light, and then they start moving again, the traffic jam will move backwards even though the cars are moving forwards. Why is this? Discuss in your class possible reasons for this phenomena.

THINGS TO TRY

Try changing the speed limit for the cars. How does this affect the overall efficiency of the traffic flow? Are fewer cars stopping for a shorter amount of time? Is the average speed of the cars higher or lower than before?

Try changing the number of cars on the roads. Does this affect the efficiency of the traffic flow?

How about changing the speed of the simulation? Does this affect the efficiency of the traffic flow?

Using HubNet, try running this simulation with AUTO? being true and AUTO? being false. Is it harder to make the traffic move well using one scheme or the other? Why?

Using HubNet, try running this simulation with AUTO? being true. Try to find a way of setting the phases of the traffic lights so that the average speed of the cars is the highest. Now try to minimize the number of stopped cars. Now try to decrease the average wait time of the cars. Is there any correlation between these different metrics?

EXTENDING THE MODEL

Currently, the maximum speed limit (found in the SPEED-LIMIT slider) for the cars is 1.0. This is due to the fact that the cars must look ahead the speed that they are traveling to see if there are cars ahead of them. If there aren't, they speed up. If there are, they slow down. Looking ahead for a value greater than 1 is a little bit tricky. Try implementing the correct behavior for speeds greater than 1.

CREDITS AND REFERENCES

Comments and Questions

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extensions [ sound ]

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; Variable declarations ;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

globals
[
  grid-x-inc  ;; the amount of patches in between two roads in the x direction
  grid-y-inc  ;; the amount of patches in between two roads in the y direction
  acceleration  ;; the constant that controls how much a car speeds up or slows down by if it is to accelerate or decelerate
  phase  ;; keeps track of the phase
  clock  ;; keeps track of the total times thru the go procedure
  num-cars-stopped  ;; the number of cars that are stopped during a single pass thru the go procedure
  old-display-which-metric  ;; holds the value of display-which-metric for the last time through the go procedure

  ;; patch agentsets
  intersections  ;; agentset containing the patches that are intersections
  roads  ;; agentset containing the patches that are roads

  ;; string and list variables that hold data passed accumulated in the model run
  wait-data  ;; list that holds the average wait time of the cars for each pass through the go procedure
  stopped-data  ;; list that holds the number of stopped of the cars for each pass through the go procedure
  speed-data  ;; list that holds the average speed of the cars for each pass through the go procedure
  time-data  ;; list that holds the value of clock for each pass through the go procedure

  crash?
]

breed [ cars car ]
breed [ stoplights stoplight ]

cars-own
[
  speed  ;; the speed of the turtle
  up-car?  ;; this will be true if the turtle moves downwards and false if it moves to the right
  wait-time  ;; the amount of time since the last time a turtle has moved
]

patches-own
[
  intersection?  ;; this is true if the patch is at the intersection of two roads
  accident?  ;; this is true if a crash has occurred at this intersection.  this will never be true for a non-intersection patch
  green-light-up?  ;; this is true if the green light is above the intersection.  otherwise, it is false.  this is only true for patches that are intersections.
  my-row  ;; this holds the row of the intersection counting from the upper left corner of the graphics window.  it is -1 for patches that are not intersections.
  my-column  ;; this holds the column of the intersection counting from the upper left corner of the graphics window.  it is -1 for patches that are not intersections.
  user-id  ;; this holds the user-id that corresponds to the intersection.  it is -1 for patches that are not intersections.
  my-phase  ;; this holds the phase for the intersection.  it is -1 for patches that are not intersections.
]


;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; Setup Functions ;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

to startup
  setup true
  hubnet-set-client-interface "COMPUTER" []
  hubnet-reset
end 

;; Initialize the display by giving the global and patch variables initial values.
;; Create num-cars of turtles if there are enough road patches for one turtle to be created per road patch.
;; Setup the plots
;; All code in setup is done if full-setup? is true.  If it is false, then it doesn't clear the information
;; about the users; users still retain the same light that they had before.
;; "setup false" is done by the re-run button.

to setup [full-setup?]
  set crash? false
  clear-output
  if full-setup?  ;; We only want to clear the patches if the we are doing a full-setup
  [ clear-patches ]
  clear-turtles
  clear-all-plots
  reset-perspective

  setup-globals full-setup?

  ;; First we ask the patches to draw themselves and set up a few variables
  setup-patches full-setup?

  set-default-shape cars "car"
  set-default-shape stoplights "stoplight"

  if (number > count roads)
  [
    user-message (word "There are too many cars for the amount of road.  "
    "Either increase the amount of roads by increasing the GRID-SIZE-X "
    "or GRID-SIZE-Y sliders, or decrease the number of cars by lowering "
    "the NUMBER slider.\\nThe setup has stopped.")
    stop
  ]

  ;; Now create the turtles and have each created turtle call the functions setup-cars and set-car-color
  create-cars number
  [
    setup-cars
    set-car-color
    record-data
    set size 0.8
  ]

  ;; give the turtles an initial speed
  ask cars
  [ set-car-speed ]

  update-list-info

  setup-plots
end 

;; Initialize the global variables to appropriate values

to setup-globals [full-setup?]
  set phase 0
  set clock 0
  set num-cars-stopped 0
  if full-setup?
  [
    set grid-x-inc world-width / grid-size-x
    set grid-y-inc world-height / grid-size-y
  ]

  ;; initialize the lists and string for HubNet
  set wait-data []
  set stopped-data []
  set speed-data []
  set time-data []

  ;; don't make acceleration 0.1 since we could get a rounding error and end up on a patch boundary
  set acceleration 0.08
end 

;; Make the patches have appropriate colors, setup the roads and intersections agentsets,
;; and initialize the traffic lights to one setting

to setup-patches [full-setup?]
  if full-setup?
  [
    ;; initialize the patch-own variables and color the patches to a base-color
    ask patches
    [
      set intersection? false
      set accident? false
      set green-light-up? true
      set my-row -1
      set my-column -1
      set user-id -1
      set my-phase -1

      set pcolor brown + 3
    ]

    ;; initialize the global variables that hold patch agentsets
    set roads patches with [ (floor ((pxcor + max-pxcor - floor(grid-x-inc - 1)) mod grid-x-inc) = 5) or
                             (floor ((pycor + max-pycor) mod grid-y-inc) = 4 ) ]
    set intersections roads with [ (floor ((pxcor + max-pxcor - floor(grid-x-inc - 1)) mod grid-x-inc) = 5) and
                                   (floor ((pycor + max-pycor) mod grid-y-inc) = 4 ) ]

    ask roads
    [ set pcolor white ]
  ]
  setup-intersections full-setup?
end 

;; Give the intersections appropriate values for the intersection?, my-row, and my-column
;; patch variables.  Make all the traffic lights start off so that the lights are red
;; horizontally and green vertically.

to setup-intersections [full-setup?]
  ask intersections
  [
    set intersection? true
    set green-light-up? true
    set my-phase 0
    if full-setup?
    [
      set my-row floor ((pycor + max-pycor) / grid-y-inc )
      set my-column floor ((pxcor + max-pxcor) / grid-x-inc )
    ]
    ask patch-at 1 0 [ sprout-stoplights 1 [ set shape "stoplight" setxy pxcor pycor  set heading 0 ] ]
    ask patch-at 0 -1 [ sprout-stoplights 1 [ set shape "stoplight"  setxy pxcor pycor  set heading 90 ] ]
    set-signal-colors
  ]
end 

;; Initialize the turtle variables to appropriate values and place the turtle on an empty road patch.

to setup-cars  ;; turtle procedure
  set speed 0
  set wait-time 0

  put-on-empty-road

  ifelse intersection?
  [ ifelse random 2 = 1
    [ set up-car? true ]
    [ set up-car? false ]
  ]
  [
    ifelse (floor ((pxcor + max-pxcor - floor(grid-x-inc - 1)) mod grid-x-inc) =  5 )
    [ set up-car? true ]
    [ set up-car? false ]
  ]

  ifelse up-car?
  [ set heading 180 ]
  [ set heading 90 ]
end 

;; Find a road patch without any turtles on it and place the turtle there.

to put-on-empty-road  ;; turtle procedure
  let road one-of roads
  setxy ([pxcor] of road) ([pycor] of road)
  if any? other turtles-here
  [ put-on-empty-road ]
end 

;; Initialize the plots

to setup-plots
set-current-plot "Stopped Cars"
  set-plot-y-range 0 number
  plot num-cars-stopped

  set-current-plot "Average Wait Time of Cars"
  plot mean [wait-time] of cars

  set-current-plot "Average Speed of Cars"
  set-plot-y-range 0 speed-limit
  plot mean [speed] of cars
end 

;; give the user some information about what the setup button does so they can
;; know whether they want to proceed before actually doing the setup

to setup-prompt
  if user-yes-or-no? (word "The SETUP button should only be used when starting "
              "over with a new group (such as a new set of students) since "
              "all data is lost.  Use the RE-RUN button for continuing with "
              "an existing group."
              "\\n\\nDo you really want to setup the model?")
  [ setup true ]
end 

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; Runtime Functions ;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

;; receives information from the clients and runs the simulation

to go
    ;; get commands and data from the clients
    listen-clients

    ;; clear any accidents from the last time thru the go procedure
    clear-accidents

    ;; if there are any intersections that are to switch automatically, have them change their color
    set-signals
    set num-cars-stopped 0

    ;; set the turtles speed for this time thru the procedure, move them forward their speed,
    ;; record data for plotting, and set the color of the turtles
    ;; to an appropriate color based on their speed
    ask cars
    [
      set-car-speed
      fd speed
      record-data
      set-car-color
    ]
    ;; crash the cars if crash? is true
    if crash?
    [ crash-cars ]

    ;; update the information in the lists of plot data
    update-list-info

    ;; update the plots with the new information from this pass thru the procedure
    do-plotting
    ;; update the clock and the phase
    clock-tick
end 

;; have the traffic lights change color if phase equals each intersections' my-phase

to set-signals
  ask intersections with
  [ phase = floor ((my-phase * ticks-per-cycle) / 100) and ( ignore-students? or user-id = -1 ) ]
  [
    set green-light-up? (not green-light-up?)
    set-signal-colors
  ]
end 

;; This procedure checks the variable green-light-up? at each intersection and sets the
;; traffic lights to have the green light up or the green light to the left.

to set-signal-colors  ;; intersection (patch) procedure
  ifelse power?
  [
    sound:play-note "WOODBLOCK" 48 44 1.35
    ifelse green-light-up?
    [
      ask patch-at -1 0 [ set pcolor red ]
      ask patch-at 0 1 [ set pcolor green ]
      ask stoplights-at 1 0 [ set color red ]
      ask stoplights-at 0 -1 [ set color green ]
   ]
    [
      ask patch-at -1 0 [ set pcolor green ]
      ask patch-at 0 1 [ set pcolor red ]
      ask stoplights-at 1 0 [ set color green ]
      ask stoplights-at 0 -1 [ set color red ]
    ]
  ]
  [
    ask patch-at -1 0 [ set pcolor white ]
    ask patch-at 0 1 [ set pcolor white ]
  ]
end 

;; set any intersection's color that had an accident back to white and make accident? false

to clear-accidents
  if crash?
  [
    ask patches with [accident?]
    [
      set pcolor white
      set accident? false
    ]
  ]
end 

;; set the turtles' speed based on whether they are at a red traffic light or the speed of the
;; turtle (if any) on the patch in front of them

to set-car-speed  ;; turtle procedure
  ifelse pcolor = red
  [ set speed 0 ]
  [
    ifelse up-car?
    [ set-speed 0 -1 ]
    [ set-speed 1 0 ]
  ]
end 


;; set the speed variable of the turtle to an appropriate value (not exceeding the
;; speed limit) based on whether there are turtles on the patch in front of the turtle

to set-speed [delta-x delta-y]  ;; turtle procedure
  let turtles-ahead other cars in-cone 1.5 45

  ;; if there are turtles in front of the turtle, slow down
  ;; otherwise, speed up
  ifelse any? turtles-ahead
  [
    let up-cars?-ahead [ up-car? ] of turtles-ahead
    ifelse member? up-car? up-cars?-ahead and member? (not up-car?) up-cars?-ahead
    [
      if not crash?
      [ set speed 0 ]
    ]
    [
      set speed [speed] of one-of turtles-ahead
      slow-down
    ]
  ]
  [ speed-up ]
end 

;; decrease the speed of the turtle

to slow-down  ;; turtle procedure
  ifelse speed <= 0  ;;if speed < 0
  [ set speed 0 ]
  [ set speed ( speed - acceleration ) * 0.5 ]
end 

;; increase the speed of the turtle

to speed-up  ;; turtle procedure
  ifelse speed > speed-limit
  [ set speed speed-limit ]
  [ set speed ( speed + acceleration * 0.5 )  ]
end 

;; set the color of the turtle to a different color based on how fast the turtle is moving

to set-car-color  ;; turtle procedure
  ifelse speed < (speed-limit / 2)
  [ set color blue ]
  [ set color cyan - 2 ]
end 

;; keep track of the number of stopped turtles and the amount of time a turtle has been stopped
;; if its speed is 0

to record-data  ;; turtle procedure
  ifelse speed = 0
  [
    set num-cars-stopped num-cars-stopped + 1
    set wait-time wait-time + 1
  ]
  [ set wait-time 0 ]
end 

;; crash any turtles at the same intersection going in different directions

to crash-cars
  ask intersections with [any? turtles-here with [ any? other turtles-here in-radius 0.1 ] ]
  [
    set accident? true
    set pcolor orange
  ]
end 

;; add the new information from this pass thru the go procedure to the HubNet lists

to update-list-info
  set wait-data lput (mean [wait-time] of cars) wait-data
  set stopped-data lput num-cars-stopped stopped-data
  set speed-data lput (mean [speed] of cars) speed-data
  set time-data lput clock time-data
end 

;; plot the data from this pass thru the go procedure

to do-plotting
  ifelse display-which-metric = old-display-which-metric
  [
    ;; don't plot if no plots should be plotted
    if display-which-metric != 0
    [
      ;; we only need to plot 1 value since the current plot is the same as the plot we are supposed to plot to now
      ifelse display-which-metric = 1
      [ plot-new-value "Stopped Cars" num-cars-stopped ]
      [
        ifelse display-which-metric = 2
        [ plot-new-value "Average Speed of Cars" mean [speed] of cars ]
        [
          ifelse display-which-metric = 3
          [ plot-new-value "Average Wait Time of Cars" mean [wait-time] of cars ]
          [
            ;; therefore display-which-metric = 4
            plot-new-value "Stopped Cars" num-cars-stopped
            plot-new-value "Average Wait Time of Cars" mean [wait-time] of cars
            plot-new-value "Average Speed of Cars" mean [speed] of cars
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  [
    ;; otherwise, we need to plot at least 1 list since the plot we are supposed to plot to is different from the plot we last plotted in
    ifelse display-which-metric = 0
    [ clear-all-plots ]
    [
      ifelse display-which-metric = 1
      [ clear-plots-and-plot-in-new-plot "Stopped Cars" stopped-data ]
      [
        ifelse display-which-metric = 2
        [ clear-plots-and-plot-in-new-plot "Average Speed of Cars" speed-data ]
        [
          ifelse display-which-metric = 3
          [ clear-plots-and-plot-in-new-plot "Average Wait Time of Cars" wait-data ]
          [
            ;; therefore display-which-metric = 4
            ifelse old-display-which-metric = 1
            [ plot-value-and-lists "Stopped Cars" num-cars-stopped "Average Speed of Cars" speed-data "Average Wait Time of Cars" wait-data ]
            [
              ifelse old-display-which-metric = 2
              [ plot-value-and-lists "Average Speed of Cars" (mean [speed] of cars) "Stopped Cars" stopped-data "Average Wait Time of Cars" wait-data ]
              [
                ifelse old-display-which-metric = 3
                [ plot-value-and-lists "Average Wait Time of Cars" (mean [wait-time] of cars) "Stopped Cars" stopped-data "Average Speed of Cars" speed-data ]
                [
                  ;; therefore old-display-which-metric = 0
                  plot-new-list "Stopped Cars" stopped-data
                  plot-new-list "Average Speed of Cars" speed-data
                  plot-new-list "Average Wait Time of Cars" wait-data
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    set old-display-which-metric display-which-metric
  ]
end 

to plot-new-value [name-of-plot value]
  set-current-plot name-of-plot
  plot value
end 

to clear-plots-and-plot-in-new-plot [name-of-plot list-to-plot]
  clear-all-plots
  plot-new-list name-of-plot list-to-plot
end 

to plot-new-list [name-of-plot list-to-plot]
  let index 0

  set-current-plot name-of-plot
  clear-plot
  repeat length list-to-plot
  [
    plot item index list-to-plot
    set index index + 1
  ]
end 

to plot-value-and-lists [value-plot value list-plot1 list-to-plot1 list-plot2 list-to-plot2]
  plot-new-value value-plot value
  plot-new-list list-plot1 list-to-plot1
  plot-new-list list-plot2 list-to-plot2
end 

;; increases the clock by 1 and cycles phase to the next appropriate value

to clock-tick
  set clock clock + 1
  ;; The phase cycles from 0 to ticks-per-cycle, then starts over.
  set phase phase + 1
  if phase mod ticks-per-cycle = 0
  [ set phase 0 ]
end 

;; update the plots to show the current value of display-which-metric
;; done only by the Refresh Plots button

to show-current-metric-in-plots
  if display-which-metric != old-display-which-metric
  [
    ;; we need to plot at least 1 list since the plot we are supposed to plot to is different from the plot we last plotted in
    ifelse display-which-metric = 0
    [ clear-all-plots ]
    [
      ifelse display-which-metric = 1
      [ clear-plots-and-plot-in-new-plot "Stopped Cars" stopped-data ]
      [
        ifelse display-which-metric = 2
        [ clear-plots-and-plot-in-new-plot "Average Speed of Cars" speed-data ]
        [
          ifelse display-which-metric = 3
          [ clear-plots-and-plot-in-new-plot "Average Wait Time of Cars" wait-data ]
          [
            ;; therefore display-which-metric = 4
            ifelse old-display-which-metric = 1
            [
              plot-new-list "Average Speed of Cars" speed-data
              plot-new-list "Average Wait Time of Cars" wait-data
            ]
            [
              ifelse old-display-which-metric = 2
              [
                plot-new-list "Stopped Cars" stopped-data
                plot-new-list "Average Wait Time of Cars" wait-data
              ]
              [
                ifelse old-display-which-metric = 3
                [
                  plot-new-list "Stopped Cars" stopped-data
                  plot-new-list "Average Speed of Cars" speed-data
                ]
                [
                  ;; therefore old-display-which-metric = 0
                  plot-new-list "Stopped Cars" stopped-data
                  plot-new-list "Average Speed of Cars" speed-data
                  plot-new-list "Average Wait Time of Cars" wait-data
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    set old-display-which-metric display-which-metric
  ]
end 


;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; Code for interacting with the clients ;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

;; when a command is sent, find out which client sent it and then execute the command

to listen-clients
  while [hubnet-message-waiting?]
  [
    hubnet-fetch-message
    ifelse hubnet-enter-message?
    [
      give-intersection-coords
      wait 1  ;; we want to give some time for other clients to log in on this round
    ]
    [
      ifelse hubnet-exit-message?
      [
        abandon-intersection
      ]
      [
        ifelse hubnet-message-tag = "Change Light"
        [ manual hubnet-message-source ]
        [
          if hubnet-message-tag = "Phase"
          [ auto hubnet-message-source ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
end 

;; when a new client logs in, if there are free intersections,
;; assign one of them to that client
;; if this current-id already has an intersection, give the client that intersection.

to give-intersection-coords
  let current-id hubnet-message-source
  ifelse not any? intersections with [user-id = current-id]
  [
      ;; the case where they tried logging in previously but there was no room for them
      ;; or they haven't logged in before
      get-free-intersection current-id
  ]
  [
    ;; otherwise, we already have an intersection for the current-id.
    ;; all we need to do is send where the light is located at
    ask intersections with [user-id = current-id]
    [ hubnet-send current-id "Located At:" (word "(" my-column "," my-row ")") ]
  ]
end 

;; when a client disconnects, free up its intersection

to abandon-intersection
  ask intersections with [user-id = hubnet-message-source]
  [
    set user-id -1
    set my-phase 0
    ask patch -1 1 [ set plabel "" ]
  ]
end 

;; if there are any free intersections, pick one of them at random and give it to the current-id.
;; if there are not any free intersections, toss an error and put error values into the list

to get-free-intersection [current-id]
  ifelse any? intersections with [user-id = -1]
  [
    ;; pick a random intersection that hasn't been taken yet
    ask one-of intersections with [user-id = -1]
    [
      set user-id current-id
      ask patch-at -1 1
      [
        set plabel-color black
        set plabel current-id
      ]
      hubnet-send current-id "Located At:" (word "(" my-column "," my-row ")")
    ]
  ]
  [
    hubnet-send current-id "Located At:" "Not enough lights"
    user-message word "Not enough lights for student with id: " current-id
  ]
end 

;; switch the traffic lights at the intersection for the client with user-id

to manual [current-id]
  if not ignore-students?
  [
    ask intersections with [user-id = current-id]
    [
      set green-light-up? (not green-light-up?)
      set-signal-colors
    ]
  ]
end 

;; change the value of the phase for the intersection at (xc,yc) to
;; the value passed by the client

to auto [current-id]
  ask intersections with [user-id = current-id]
  [
    set my-phase hubnet-message
  ]
end 

There are 2 versions of this model.

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Uri Wilensky over 14 years ago Gridlock Perspective Demo Download this version
Uri Wilensky over 14 years ago Gridlock Perspective Demo Download this version

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